Exhaust-muffler.



No. 805,613. PATENTED NOV. 28, 1905. F. S. WILLIAMS.

EXHAUST MUFFLER.

APPLIG-A'L'ION FILED JULY25,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I I '5 i i HCJBPMS Wlllzalrw' m PATENTED NOV. 28, 1905.

F. S. WILLIAMS. EXHAUST MUFFLER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 190-1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Iii- .15:3! iiuniill lilnlii i li l x a n Naval llliliiillll lnw UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK S. WILLIAMS, or AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 0E TWO-FIFTHS TO 0. F. HESSER, or AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK.

EXHAUST-MUFFLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1905.

Application filed July 25, 190a. Serial No. 218,064.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERIOK S. WVILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Amsterdam, in the county of Montgomery and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Exhaust-Muffler, of which the following is a'specification.

This invention relates to an exhaust-mufller which, While designed with Special reference to the silencing of the exhaust from automobilemotors,is applicable in any relation Where it is desired to muflle the exhaust of expansive fluid.

The object of the invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive device which when applied to the exhaust-pipe of a traveling motor will cause the exhaust fluid to be condensed prior to its final liberation in order to eliminate the noise which would be occasioned by its immediate liberation or exhaust.

A further object of the invention is to accomplish this cooling and condensation of the exhaust by compelling the latter to pursue a circuitous course through air-cooled chambers so arranged that the air used for cooling purposes will induce an ejective action, serving to stimulate the circulation of the exhaust fluid or gases through the muflier and to thus materially reduce the back pressure ordinarily occasioned by devices of this character.

Subordinate to. these objects are others which will appear as the succeeding description of the illustrated construction is developed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my mufl ier complete. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 5. Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the muffler. Fig. 4; is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 looking in the opposite direction or toward the front of the mufifler. Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the front head detached, and Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the rear head.

Like numerals indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

The opposite ends of the muffler are defined by front and rear heads 1 and 2, formed with axial openings for the reception of the threaded ends of a central tube or conduit 3, ex

tended slightly beyond the head 1 for attachment to the exhaust-pipe (not illustrated) of a motor. Extending between the heads and concentric with the central conduit 3 are a series of annular chambers, conduits, or passages 4, 5, 6, and 7, defined by concentric cylinders 8, 9, 10, and 11, of comparatively thin metal, retained in properly-spaced relation by concentric annular ribs 12, 13, and 14:, having corresponding arrangement on the opposed faces of the heads 1 and 2. The exhaust passing through the central conduit 3 from the front to the rear end of the mufiier is designed to be returned to the front end again through the annular chamber or passage 5 and to again traverse the muffler from the front to the rear end thereof through the outer chamber or passage 7. To provide for this circulation, the rear head 2 is provided with a plurality of radial return-ports 15, establishing communication between the rear ends of the central conduit 3 and the annular conduit or chamber 5, the front end of which latter is placed in communication with the front end of the outside chamber or conduit 7 by means of return-ports 16, formed in the head 1 and disposed radially, as Shown in Fig. 7. From the annular chamber 7 the exhaust fluid escapes throughan annular series of direct exhaust-ports 17 in the head 2.

It will now be noted that the conduits 3, 5, and 7 through which the exhaust fluid circulates, alternate with the annular air chambers or passages a and 6. By reason of this arrangement the walls of each exhaust-conduit are cooled by air-currents induced in the airpassages, which latter are placed in communication With the outer air by annular series of direct ports 18, 19, 20, and 21 in the heads 1 and 2, respectively. The precise form of these direct air-ports is not material; but, as a free circulation of air is desirable, they are preferably of considerable transverse area, as shown in Figs. '7 and 8. Extended in advance of the head 1 the muffler is provided with a flared mouth or entrance-funnel 22, defined by an annular flange 23, extending forwardly from the periphery of the head 1 and preferably, though not necessarily, integral therewith. As the mufller is advanced this month or funnel receives a considerable volume of air, which is more or less compressed, by reason of the rearward convergence of the funnel, and is caused to pass back through the direct air-ports and the annular air-passages to cool the walls of the exhaust-conduits.

At the rear end of the muflier is formed an exhaust-nozzle 24, preferably integral with the head 2 and having its outlet directly opposite to and of slightly less diameter than a central enlargement 25, formed at the rear side of the head 2 to accommodate the returnports 16.

The operation of the muffler is as follows: As the device advances with the automobile or other vehicle equipped therewith the motive fluid exhausted by the motor, whether it be in the form of gas or vapor, passes rearwardly through the central conduit 3 from end to end of the muflier and thence circulates through the return-ports 16 and back to the front end of the muffler through the annular exhaustconduit 5, from the front end of which it is delivered, by way of the returnports 16, to the outer exhaustconduit 7, through which it recirculates back to the rear end of the muffler, where it escapes by way of the exhaust-ports 17 and the exhaustnozzle 24. As the exhaust fluid traverses these conduits 3, 5, and 7 its gradual expansion is permitted, since these conduits are of successively increasing dimensions, and for the same reason the cooling of the exhaust becomes more and more effective, since the area of the air-cooled walls increases with each conduit. As a natural result of this constant increase in the dimensions of the exhaust-conduit, considering the several conduits 3, 5, and 7 as one, and of the continuous cooling of the exhaust fluid,the expansibility of the latter as it reaches the exhaust-ports 17 will be sufficiently reduced to effectually muffle or silence the exhaust. Furthermore, this gradual increase in area of the exhaust-passage serves to reduce the back pressure opposed to the operation of the motor by the confined exhaust fluid, and this back pressure is still further reduced, and, in fact, practically eliminated, by reason of the described arrangement and relation of the exhaust-ports 17 and the adjacent air-ports in the head 2. By reason of the specified arrangement of these ports, and more particularly the closely-adjacent relation of the airports 20 and the exhaustports 17, the air issuing from the air-ports with considerable force will set up an ejective action tending to produce a partial vacuum immediately in rear of the exhaust-port 17, and thus stimulating the circulation of the exhaust fluid through and its escape from the muffler. The exhaust fluid and air escaping through the head 2 is exhausted from the discharge-nozzle 24 in a substantially continuous stream under uniform pressure and unaccompanied by the usual explosive sounds.

It is thought that from the foregoing the construction, operation, and advantages of my muffler will be clearly apparent; but while the present embodiment of the invention is believed at this time to be preferable I wish to be distinctly understood as reserving the right to efliect such changes, modifications, and variations of the illustrated structure as may come fairly within the scope of the protection prayed.

WVhat 1 claim is 1. An exhaust-muffler, having communicating exhaust-conduits, and non-communicating open-ended air-passages arranged one within another.

.2. Anexhaust-mufiler, havingcommunicating exhaust-conduits, and non-communicating air-passages surrounding said conduits.

3. An exhaust-muflier, having longitudinal communicating exhaust-conduits, and noncommunicating air passages arranged one within another, said conduits and passages having alternating arrangement.

4. An exhaust-muffler, having concentric, communicating exhaust-conduits, and separate, concentric, non-communicating, openended air-passages alternating with the exhaust-conduits to facilitate cooling thereof.

5. An exhaust-muffler, comprising a pair of heads, and intermediate annular exhaust-conduits and air-passages, said heads having return-ports establishing communication between the conduits, and direct ports at the opposite ends of the air-passages.

6. An exhaust-muffler, comprising a pair of heads, and concentric cylinders extending between the heads and defining alternating exhaust-conduits and air-passages, each head having direct ports at opposite ends of the air-passages and returnports establishing com munication between the exhaust-conduits, and one of said heads having exhaust-ports adjacent to certain of the direct ports therein.

7. An exhaust muflier, having a flared mouth at its front end, air-passages leading back from said mouth and arranged one within another, and exhaust-passages whose walls are also the walls of the air-passages.

8. An exhaust muflier, having a flared mouth at one end a discharge-nozzle at its opposite end, and intermediate exhaust and air passages.

9. An exhaust-muffler, comprising a pair of heads, one having an entrance-funnel extending therefrom and the other a dischargenozzle, and a series of concentric cylinders extending between the heads and defining exhaust and air passages.

10. An exhaust-muffler, comprising a front head having an entrance-funnel, annular series of direct ports and an annular series of return-ports, a rear head having a rearwardlydisposed discharge-nozzle, annular series of direct ports, an annular series of return-ports, and an annular series of exhaust-ports, the direct and exhaust ports opening into the noz- IIO zle, and a series of concentric cylinders extending between the heads and defining alternating exhaust conduits and air passages, substantially as described.

11. An exhau-st-mufiier, comprising a discharge-nozzle, exhaust-conduits, and air-passages, said conduits and passages discharging into the nozzle in close proximity to each other to induce an ejective action.

12. An exhaust-muflier, comprising a tapered discharge-nozzle, exhaust-conduits, and air-passages, said conduits and passages opening into the nozzle and having their dischargeorifices in close proximity to set up an ejective action tending to stimulate the circulation through the mufliler.

13. An exhaust-muffler, comprising front and rear heads, and a series of intermediate concentric cylinders, the front head having an entrance-funnel.

14." An exhaust-muflier having a plurality of cooling-passages having no communication with each other, but arranged one within another and open at both ends, and exhaustconduits through which an exhaust fluid may be passed and cooled.

15. An exhaust-muffler having communicating exhaust-conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates in opposite directions, and a cooling-passage through which a cool ing fluid is led between the exhaust-conduits to cool the walls thereof, said passage being open at both ends.

16. An exhaust-muffler having a series of exhaust-conduits, each having communication at one end with the contiguous end of an adjacent conduit to permit the exhaust fluid to circulate in opposite directions in adjacent conduits, and coolingpassages located between adjacent exhaust-conduits, said passages having no communication with each other, but being open at both ends, whereby the air is permitted to pass freely through the passages and to escape at their rear ends.

17. An exhaust-muffler having a plurality of exhaust-conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates in opposite directions, and cooling-passages having no communication with each other, each of said cooling-passages surrounding one of the exhaust-00nd uits and having its opposite ends open. 1

18. An exhaust-muflierhavingexhaust-conduits arranged one within another and communicating in amanner to permit the exhaust fluid to circulate in opposite directions in adjacent conduits, and cooling-passages having no communication with each other, but each surrounding an exhaust-conduit.

19. An exhaust-muffler having a constricted nozzle at its rear end, a series of cooling-passages discharging in said nozzle, and a circuitous exhaust-conduit likewise discharging into the nozzle and arranged to be cooled by the cooling medium passing through the cooling-passages.

20. An exhaust-muffler comprising a series of nested shells defining exhaust conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates in opposite directions,and cooling-passages alternating with the exhaust-conduits and having no communication with each other.

21. An exhaust-muflier comprising a series of nested shells defining exhaust conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates in opposite directions, cooling-passages alternating with the exhaust-conduits and having no communication with each other, and a constricted nozzle through which the exhaust fluid and cooling medium are discharged.

22. An exhaust-mufller comprising a series of nested shells defining exhaust conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates in opposite directions, cooling-passages alternating with the exhaust-conduits and having no communication with each other, a constricted nozzle through which the exhaust fluid and cooling medium are discharged, and a flared entrance-funnel at the front end of the muflier.

23. An exhaust muffler including a discharge-nozzle, a plurality of exhaust-conduits through which the exhaust fluid circulates and is finally discharged through the nozzle, and a plurality of cooling-passages each discharging through the nozzle.

24:. An exhaust-muffler through which the exhaust fluid and the cooling fluid are passed, including a head having a plurality of discharge-ports for the exhaust fluid and a plurality of discharge-ports for the cooling fluid, said ports being arranged in closely-adjacent relation to induce an ejective action, and a nozzle extending from the head and arranged to receive and discharge both the exhaust fluid and the cooling medium.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRED. S. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

DAvIs W. SHULER, GLnoPHAs V. GAGNoN. 

